Major Components of a Vehicle’s Cooling System

The cooling system is an important part of a car

The cooling system is an important part of a car. It maintains temperature at an optimal level, allows the engine to function properly by removing excess heat and burns the fuel without getting too hot. Ideally, the cooling system keeps the vehicle running at an optimum temperature.

Generally, there are two types of cooling systems used in a car: liquid cooling and air cooling. Liquid cooling is used in most modern cars, while air cooling is used in older cars and a few modern cars.

The cooling system comprises of: the radiator, radiator fan, water pump, thermostat, pressure cap, bypass system, hoses and heater core.

Radiator
The radiator is the main part of a vehicle's cooling system. It is a flattened sheet of aluminum. The function of the radiator is to lower the temperature of the hot coolant that passes from the engine and to send it back to the engine through hoses, thermostat and water pump.

Radiator fan
The role of the radiator fan in a vehicle's cooling system is to cool the engine system and to draw air into the radiator to prevent the engine from overheating.

Water pump
The water pump is one of the important parts of the cooling process. It draws cooled water or coolant from radiator through thermostat. It then passes the cooled water and coolant to the engine with a constant velocity so that the engine doesn't overheats.

Thermostat
Thermostat is an effective component of vehicle's cooling system. It is critical in cooling the engine and maintaining minimum operating temperature of the engine. Thermostat closes when the engine is cold and allows it to warm up and opens up to pass the coolant when minimum operating temperature is reached.

Pressure cap
The pressure cap is also known as radiator cap. The pressure cap is designed to maintain the pressure in the cooling system. It helps in avoiding unnecessary boiling of the coolant. As a whole, the function of the pressure cap is to ensure that the cooling system does not blow up.

Bypass system
The bypass system is a passage that allows the coolant to move through the engine and then to bypass the radiator to balance the temperature. In this way, the bypass system avoids hot spots.

Hoses
The cooling system has a number of hoses connecting to all the components of the cooling system. The hoses are made of either rubber or metal. The main function of the hoses is to move the fluid from one part of the engine to another. These are designed to withstand the inside pressure.

Heater core
The heater core looks like a small radiator. It is connected to the cooling system through a pair of hoses. One hose takes the hot coolant from the water pump to the heater core and the other hose returns the coolant to the engine. The blowers take heat from heater core and sends it to the interior of the car whenever needed.

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